mchess-server/chess/board.go

package chess

import (
	"mchess_server/types"

	"github.com/samber/lo"
)

type Position map[types.Coordinate]Piece

type Board struct {
	position Position
	history  []types.Move
}

func newBoard() Board {
	return Board{
		position: make(Position),
		history:  make([]types.Move, 0),
	}
}

func (b *Board) Init() {
	var coord types.Coordinate

	for i := 1; i <= 8; i++ {
		coord.Row = 2
		coord.Col = i
		b.position[coord] = Pawn{Color: types.White}

		coord.Row = 7
		coord.Col = i
		b.position[coord] = Pawn{Color: types.Black}
	}

	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 1}] = Rook{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 2}] = Knight{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 3}] = Bishop{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 4}] = Queen{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 5}] = King{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 6}] = Bishop{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 7}] = Knight{Color: types.White}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 1, Col: 8}] = Rook{Color: types.White}

	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 1}] = Rook{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 2}] = Knight{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 3}] = Bishop{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 4}] = Queen{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 5}] = King{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 6}] = Bishop{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 7}] = Knight{Color: types.Black}
	b.position[types.Coordinate{Row: 8, Col: 8}] = Rook{Color: types.Black}
}

func (b *Board) CheckAndPlay(move types.Move) (bool, string) {
	// We make a copy of the original board to play moves on it,
	// We can play the move on it and then check if it is invalid
	tempBoard := b.getCopyOfBoard()

	//Check start square of move
	pieceAtStartSquare := tempBoard.getPieceAt(move.StartSquare)
	if pieceAtStartSquare == nil {
		return false, "no piece at start square"
	}
	move.ColorMoved = pieceAtStartSquare.GetColor()
	move.PieceMoved = GetShortNameForPiece(pieceAtStartSquare)

	//Check end square of move
	pieceAtEndSquare := tempBoard.getPieceAt(move.EndSquare)
	if pieceAtEndSquare != nil {
		if pieceAtEndSquare.GetColor() == pieceAtStartSquare.GetColor() {
			return false, "same-coloured piece at end square"
		}
	}

	wasSpecialMove := tempBoard.handleSpecialMove(move)

	if !wasSpecialMove {
		// At the moment, we do not need to check if the correct color is moving,
		//since we are only reading moves from the player whose turn it is.
		allMovesExceptBlocked := pieceAtStartSquare.GetAllMovesButBlocked(tempBoard, move.StartSquare)
		legal := lo.Contains(allMovesExceptBlocked, move.EndSquare)
		if !legal {
			return false, "not a legal square"
		}

		//We play the move on the temporary board
		delete(tempBoard.position, move.StartSquare)
		tempBoard.position[move.EndSquare] = pieceAtStartSquare
	}

	//Check if king of moving color is in check -> move not allowed
	//Do that by checking if the king is in a square attacked by the other color.
	ownKingCoordinate := tempBoard.getSquareOfPiece(King{Color: move.ColorMoved})
	if ownKingCoordinate == nil {
		return false, string(move.ColorMoved) + " king not found"
	}

	kingIsAttacked := tempBoard.isSquareAttacked(*ownKingCoordinate, move.ColorMoved.Opposite())
	if kingIsAttacked {
		return false, "king is attacked after move"
	}

	//Check for checkmat&e
	//Is every square that the king can move to attacked? And can no other
	//piece block? -> checkmate

	//only check if paths of attacking pieces can be blocked

	//Maybe for checking checkmate, we have to check the 'path' in which the
	//checkmate is given

	// |K| | | | |Q|
	// in this scenaria the path are all the squares between queen and king.
	// If a piece can be moved into the path, it is no checkmate

	//We play the move on the real board
	b.position = tempBoard.position
	b.history = tempBoard.history
	b.appendMoveToHistory(move)

	return true, ""
}

func (b Board) getSquareOfPiece(piece Piece) *types.Coordinate {
	for k, v := range b.position {
		if v == piece {
			return &k
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (b Board) isSquareAttacked(square types.Coordinate, byColor types.ChessColor) bool {
	var attackedSquares []types.Coordinate

	for square, piece := range b.position {
		attackedSquares = append(attackedSquares, piece.GetAllMovesButBlocked(b, square)...)
	}

	return lo.Contains(attackedSquares, square)
}

func (b Board) getPieceAt(coord types.Coordinate) Piece {
	piece, found := b.position[coord]
	if !found {
		return nil
	}

	return piece
}

func (b *Board) appendMoveToHistory(move types.Move) {
	b.history = append(b.history, move)
}

func (b Board) getLastMove() types.Move {
	if len(b.history) < 1 {
		return types.Move{}
	}
	return b.history[len(b.history)-1]
}

func (b Board) getCopyOfBoard() Board {
	return Board{
		position: b.position.getCopyOfPosition(),
		history:  b.history,
	}
}

func (p Position) getCopyOfPosition() Position {
	position := make(Position)

	for coord, piece := range p {
		position[coord] = piece
	}
	return position
}

func (b *Board) handleSpecialMove(move types.Move) bool {
	var was bool
	var pieceAtStartSquare = b.getPieceAt(move.StartSquare)

	switch pieceAtStartSquare.(type) {
	case Pawn:
		was = b.handlePossiblePromotion(move)
		if !was {
			was = b.handleEnPassant(move, b.getLastMove())
		}
	}
	return was
}

func (b *Board) handlePossiblePromotion(move types.Move) bool {
	var isPromotionMove bool
	var promotionToPiece types.PieceShortName

	//TODO(m): What if message does not contain a promotion, but should be because a pawn is moved to the end square
	messageContainsPromotion := move.IsPromotionMove()

	if messageContainsPromotion {
		promotionToPiece = *move.PromotionToPiece
	}

	switch move.ColorMoved {
	case types.White:
		if move.StartSquare.Row == types.RangeLastValid-1 &&
			move.EndSquare.Row == types.RangeLastValid {
			isPromotionMove = true
		}

	case types.Black:
		if move.StartSquare.Row == types.RangeFirstValid+1 &&
			move.EndSquare.Row == types.RangeFirstValid {
			isPromotionMove = true
		}
	}

	if isPromotionMove {
		delete(b.position, move.StartSquare)
		b.position[move.EndSquare] = GetPieceForShortName(promotionToPiece, move.ColorMoved)
	}

	return isPromotionMove
}

func (b *Board) handleEnPassant(move, lastMove types.Move) bool {
	var wasEnPassant bool

	if lastMove.PieceMoved != types.PawnShortName {
		return false
	}

	switch move.ColorMoved {
	case types.White:
		if lastMove.StartSquare.Row != 7 || lastMove.EndSquare.Row != 5 {
			wasEnPassant = false
		}
		if move.StartSquare.Row != 5 {
			wasEnPassant = false
		}
		if move.EndSquare.Row != 6 {
			wasEnPassant = false
		}
		if move.StartSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col+1 &&
			move.EndSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col {
			wasEnPassant = true
		}
		if move.StartSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col-1 &&
			move.EndSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col {
			wasEnPassant = true
		}
	case types.Black:
		if lastMove.StartSquare.Row != 2 || lastMove.EndSquare.Row != 4 {
			wasEnPassant = false
		}
		if move.StartSquare.Row != 4 {
			wasEnPassant = false
		}
		if move.EndSquare.Row != 3 {
			wasEnPassant = false
		}
		if move.StartSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col+1 &&
			move.EndSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col {
			wasEnPassant = true
		}
		if move.StartSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col-1 &&
			move.EndSquare.Col == lastMove.EndSquare.Col {
			wasEnPassant = true
		}
	}

	if wasEnPassant { //play the move
		delete(b.position, lastMove.EndSquare)
		b.position[move.EndSquare] = GetPieceForShortName(move.PieceMoved, move.ColorMoved)
	}

	return wasEnPassant
}