rustlings-solutions/exercises/19_smart_pointers/box1.rs

59 lines
1.6 KiB
Rust

// box1.rs
//
// At compile time, Rust needs to know how much space a type takes up. This
// becomes problematic for recursive types, where a value can have as part of
// itself another value of the same type. To get around the issue, we can use a
// `Box` - a smart pointer used to store data on the heap, which also allows us
// to wrap a recursive type.
//
// The recursive type we're implementing in this exercise is the `cons list` - a
// data structure frequently found in functional programming languages. Each
// item in a cons list contains two elements: the value of the current item and
// the next item. The last item is a value called `Nil`.
//
// Step 1: use a `Box` in the enum definition to make the code compile
// Step 2: create both empty and non-empty cons lists by replacing `todo!()`
//
// Note: the tests should not be changed
//
// Execute `rustlings hint box1` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
pub enum List {
Cons(i32, Box<List>),
Nil,
}
use crate::List::{Cons, Nil};
fn main() {
println!("This is an empty cons list: {:?}", create_empty_list());
println!(
"This is a non-empty cons list: {:?}",
create_non_empty_list()
);
}
pub fn create_empty_list() -> List {
return Nil;
}
pub fn create_non_empty_list() -> List {
return Cons(2, Box::new(Cons(5, Box::new(Nil))));
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_create_empty_list() {
assert_eq!(List::Nil, create_empty_list())
}
#[test]
fn test_create_non_empty_list() {
assert_ne!(create_empty_list(), create_non_empty_list())
}
}